A Wearable Textile 3D Gesture Recognition Sensor Based on Screen-Printing Technology

[EN] Research has developed various solutions in order for computers to recognize hand gestures in the context of human machine interface (HMI). The design of a successful hand gesture recognition system must address functionality and usability. The gesture recognition market has evolved from touchpads to touchless sensors, which do not need direct contact. Their application in textiles ranges from the field of medical environments to smart home applications and the automotive industry. In this paper, a textile capacitive touchless sensor has been developed by using screen-printing technology. Two different designs were developed to obtain the best configuration, obtaining good results in both cases. Finally, as a real application, a complete solution of the sensor with wireless communications is presented to be used as an interface for a mobile phone.The work presented is funded by the Conselleria d'Economia Sostenible, Sectors Productius i Treball, through IVACE (Instituto Valenciano de Competitividad Empresarial) and cofounded by ERDF funding from the EU. Application No.: IMAMCI/2019/1. This work was also supported by the Spanish Government/FEDER funds (RTI2018-100910-B-C43) (MINECO/FEDER).Ferri Pascual, J.; Llinares Llopis, R.; Moreno Canton, J.; Ibáñez Civera, FJ.; Garcia-Breijo, E. (2019). A Wearable Textile 3D Gesture Recognition Sensor Based on Screen-Printing Technology. Sensors. 19(23):1-32. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19235068S1321923Chakraborty, B. K., Sarma, D., Bhuyan, M. K., & MacDorman, K. F. (2017). Review of constraints on vision‐based gesture recognition for human–computer interaction. IET Computer Vision, 12(1), 3-15. doi:10.1049/iet-cvi.2017.0052Zhang, Z. (2012). 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Hand Gesture Recognition in Real Time for Automotive Interfaces: A Multimodal Vision-Based Approach and Evaluations. IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, 15(6), 2368-2377. doi:10.1109/tits.2014.2337331Khan, S. A., & Engelbrecht, A. P. (2010). A fuzzy particle swarm optimization algorithm for computer communication network topology design. Applied Intelligence, 36(1), 161-177. doi:10.1007/s10489-010-0251-2Abraham, L., Urru, A., Normani, N., Wilk, M., Walsh, M., & O’Flynn, B. (2018). Hand Tracking and Gesture Recognition Using Lensless Smart Sensors. Sensors, 18(9), 2834. doi:10.3390/s18092834Zeng, Q., Kuang, Z., Wu, S., & Yang, J. (2019). A Method of Ultrasonic Finger Gesture Recognition Based on the Micro-Doppler Effect. Applied Sciences, 9(11), 2314. doi:10.3390/app9112314Lien, J., Gillian, N., Karagozler, M. E., Amihood, P., Schwesig, C., Olson, E., … Poupyrev, I. (2016). Soli. ACM Transactions on Graphics, 35(4), 1-19. doi:10.1145/2897824.2925953Sang, Y., Shi, L., & Liu, Y. (2018). Micro Hand Gesture Recognition System Using Ultrasonic Active Sensing. IEEE Access, 6, 49339-49347. doi:10.1109/access.2018.2868268Ferri, J., Lidón-Roger, J., Moreno, J., Martinez, G., & Garcia-Breijo, E. (2017). A Wearable Textile 2D Touchpad Sensor Based on Screen-Printing Technology. Materials, 10(12), 1450. doi:10.3390/ma10121450Nunes, J., Castro, N., Gonçalves, S., Pereira, N., Correia, V., & Lanceros-Mendez, S. (2017). Marked Object Recognition Multitouch Screen Printed Touchpad for Interactive Applications. Sensors, 17(12), 2786. doi:10.3390/s17122786Ferri, J., Perez Fuster, C., Llinares Llopis, R., Moreno, J., & Garcia‑Breijo, E. (2018). Integration of a 2D Touch Sensor with an Electroluminescent Display by Using a Screen-Printing Technology on Textile Substrate. Sensors, 18(10), 3313. doi:10.3390/s18103313Cronin, S., & Doherty, G. (2018). 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Integration of a 2D Touch Sensor with an Electroluminescent Display by Using a Screen-Printing Technology on Textile Substrate

[EN] Many types of solutions have been studied and developed in order to give the user feedback when using touchpads, buttons, or keyboards in textile industry. Their application on textiles could allow a wide range of applications in the field of medicine, sports or the automotive industry. In this work, we introduce a novel solution that combines a 2D touchpad with an electroluminescent display (ELD). This approach physically has two circuits over a flexible textile substrate using the screen-printing technique for wearable electronics applications. Screen-printing technology is widely used in the textile industry and does not require heavy investments. For the proposed solution, different layer structures are presented, considering several fabric materials and inks, to obtain the best results.This work was supported by Spanish Government/FEDER funds (grant number MAT2015-64139-C4-3-R (Mineco/Feder)). The work presented is also funded by the Conselleria d'Economia Sostenible, Sectors Productius i Treball, through IVACE (Instituto Valenciano de Competitividad Empresarial) and cofounded by ERDF funding from the EU. Application No.: IMAMCI/2017/1.Ferri Pascual, J.; Pérez Fuster, C.; Llinares Llopis, R.; Moreno Canton, J.; Garcia-Breijo, E. (2018). Integration of a 2D Touch Sensor with an Electroluminescent Display by Using a Screen-Printing Technology on Textile Substrate. Sensors. 18(10):3313-3326. https://doi.org/10.3390/s18103313S33133326181

Mortality and pulmonary complications in patients undergoing surgery with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection: an international cohort study

Background: The impact of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) on postoperative recovery needs to be understood to inform clinical decision making during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. This study reports 30-day mortality and pulmonary complication rates in patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection. Methods: This international, multicentre, cohort study at 235 hospitals in 24 countries included all patients undergoing surgery who had SARS-CoV-2 infection confirmed within 7 days before or 30 days after surgery. The primary outcome measure was 30-day postoperative mortality and was assessed in all enrolled patients. The main secondary outcome measure was pulmonary complications, defined as pneumonia, acute respiratory distress syndrome, or unexpected postoperative ventilation. Findings: This analysis includes 1128 patients who had surgery between Jan 1 and March 31, 2020, of whom 835 (74·0%) had emergency surgery and 280 (24·8%) had elective surgery. SARS-CoV-2 infection was confirmed preoperatively in 294 (26·1%) patients. 30-day mortality was 23·8% (268 of 1128). Pulmonary complications occurred in 577 (51·2%) of 1128 patients; 30-day mortality in these patients was 38·0% (219 of 577), accounting for 81·7% (219 of 268) of all deaths. In adjusted analyses, 30-day mortality was associated with male sex (odds ratio 1·75 [95% CI 1·28–2·40], p\textless0·0001), age 70 years or older versus younger than 70 years (2·30 [1·65–3·22], p\textless0·0001), American Society of Anesthesiologists grades 3–5 versus grades 1–2 (2·35 [1·57–3·53], p\textless0·0001), malignant versus benign or obstetric diagnosis (1·55 [1·01–2·39], p=0·046), emergency versus elective surgery (1·67 [1·06–2·63], p=0·026), and major versus minor surgery (1·52 [1·01–2·31], p=0·047). Interpretation: Postoperative pulmonary complications occur in half of patients with perioperative SARS-CoV-2 infection and are associated with high mortality. Thresholds for surgery during the COVID-19 pandemic should be higher than during normal practice, particularly in men aged 70 years and older. Consideration should be given for postponing non-urgent procedures and promoting non-operative treatment to delay or avoid the need for surgery. Funding: National Institute for Health Research (NIHR), Association of Coloproctology of Great Britain and Ireland, Bowel and Cancer Research, Bowel Disease Research Foundation, Association of Upper Gastrointestinal Surgeons, British Association of Surgical Oncology, British Gynaecological Cancer Society, European Society of Coloproctology, NIHR Academy, Sarcoma UK, Vascular Society for Great Britain and Ireland, and Yorkshire Cancer Research

NEW METHOD TO ATTACH WEARABLE ELECTRONICS TO CLOTHS

The integration of electronic devices and sensors into textiles has many different potential applications. Textile fabrics, from clothing to upholstery and home textiles, are an integral part of daily life and the ability to combine electronics into textiles means that a huge range of valuable data can be collected and used by the wearer to monitor their health, performance and wellbeing, among other uses. One of the most pressing challenges is that of interconnecting electronic components via the textile fibres in a robust and reliable way. Another aspect to be studied is the ability for the electronics to be connected and disconnected when necessary; for example, when charging the batteries or washing the garment. It is this aspect that has been considered by this development to facilitate ease-of-use among the older people. In addition, the complete package must be comfortable enough not to restrict movement, and must be unobtrusive so as to avoid any embarrassment to the wearer. The present paper presents a new solution for the connection of electronic measuring and monitoring devices to textile sensors to monitor variables such as movement, temperature, heart rate and breathing

Effect of childhood pneumococcal vaccination and beta-lactam antibiotic use on the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease in the adult population

Describe the incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) in serotypes with reduced antibiotic sensitivity to penicillin (RAS-Pen) in adults over 59 years of age and its association with childhood anti-pneumococcal vaccination coverage (CVC) and community consumption of beta-lactam. We selected IPD cases in adults over 59 years of age reported in the Community of Madrid between 2007 and 2016. We estimated the incidence of cases caused by serotypes included in the 13-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV13), those not included (non-PCV13) and the six serotypes additional to the 7-valent (PCV13-no7). We compared the incidences of serotypes from the pre-vaccine period (2007-2009) and the vaccine period (2011-2016) by analysing the incidence trend (JointPoint Trend Analysis) and its association with the CVC and community consumption of beta-lactam (Poisson model). We identified 1936 cases of IPD, 29.2% (n = 565) in serotypes with RAS-Pen. The incidence decreased for PCV13 cases (annual percentage of change, APC: -12.2, p 59 years was decreasing and was associated with CVC. The incidence of cases due to non-PCV13 was increasing and was associated with community consumption of beta-lactam

Characterization and Comparison of Extended-Spectrum beta-Lactamase (ESBL) Resistance Genotypes and Population Structure of Escherichia coli Isolated from Franklin's Gulls (Leucophaeus pipixcan) and Humans in Chile

We investigated the general level of antibiotic resistance with further analysis of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL) prevalence, as well as the population structure of E. coli in fecal flora of humans and Franklin's gulls (Leucophaeus pipixcan) in central parts of Chile. We found a surprisingly high carriage rate of ESBL-producing E. coli among the gulls 112/372 (30.1%) as compared to the human population 6/49 (12.2%.) Several of the E. coli sequence types (STs) identified in birds have previously been reported as Multi Drug Resistant (MDR) human pathogens including the ability to produce ESBLs. This means that not only commensal flora is shared between birds and humans but also STs with pathogenic potential. Given the migratory behavior of Franklin's gulls, they and other migratory species, may be a part of ESBL dissemination in the environment and over great geographic distances. Apart from keeping the antibiotic use low, breaking the transmission chains between the environment and humans must be a priority to hinder the dissemination of resistance